Sunday, July 22, 2012

Japanese Basics: The many ways to say "you" in Japanese

The many ways to say "you" in Japanese
There are a lot of different ways to say "you" in Japanese with differing levels of politeness depending on how well you know a person. It's preferred to use people's family names or titles where "you" would be in English.

Let's image different scenarios with the name of Iron Chef "Masaharu (<--his own name) Morimoto (<--his family name)":
1. Super archaic and princely-sounding: 
Morimoto 様)
Morimoto no kimi (sama)
If he suddenly appeared in a period drama and was a prince. (Add -sama to make it even more humbling for yourself.)

2. Very polite: 
Morimoto
Morimoto-sama
I'm his worshiping fangirl.

3. Polite, regular: 
 Morimotoさん
Morimoto-san
Translates to "Mr. Morimoto." (Could also be "Mrs./Miss Morimoto.") [This would be preferred in work settings.]

4. Familiar:
Morimotoくん
Morimoto-kun
I'm his friendly boss or a close friend. (If he were a girl, it would be Morimoto-chan or -tan [sounds like how kids pronounce -chan])

5. Very familiar:
Masaharu-kun

6. Masaharu-kun
If I were his mom

7. Closest: Masaharu


"Anata" would be used if you have no other choice in words (like when meeting a stranger on the street).
"Anta" is the familiar version, used when you're annoyed with someone you know.



Generally Polite:

Generally Rude:

san (last resort name), okyakusan, anata

Warning: Never add any of these honorifics to your own name!
Examples using personal pronouns about yourself:
1. How normal people not trying to act like a cartoon character sound:
1a. Watashi wa neko ga suki desu! (standard Japanese. Preferred pronoun of women, sounds more polite if a guy's using it at something like work.)
1b. Boku wa neko ga suki desu! (For guys, this sounds more "nice". If girls use it, she's either singing a song or sounding tough.)
1c. Ore wa neko ga suki desu! (What tougher guys call themselves.)
I like cats!

2. Me trying to sound adorable (in this usage, it's always translated into the 3rd person):
Haley-chan wa neko ga suki desu!
Haley likes cats!

3. Sounds arrogant, referring to yourself as -sama (belittling those around you by elevating yourself):
Ore-sama wa neko ga suki desu!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_honorifics

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