汚れる / よごれる / yogoreru: < past (Ichidan verb, Intransitive verb) to get dirty, become dirty, become sullied 向日葵 / ひまわり / himawari: (noun, usually written in kana) sunflower 太陽 / たいよう / taiyou: (noun) sun, solar に / ni: (particle) indicates such things as location of a person or thing, location of short-term action, etc. 苛立つ / いらだつ / iradatsu: < masu (Godan verb with tsu ending) to be irritated
Conjugate "yogoreru"
X
"taiyou" vs. "hi"
taiyou = specific to the sun
hi = more vague, about the day or sun
Conjugate "iradatsu"
songs by Karasu/MUCC tend to end each line with a verb in the -masu stem
{0:34}
2) 穢れを知らないお前が気がかり
kegare oshiranaio-maega ki-gakari
a. You who knows nothing of defilement are worrying
b. The you who doesn’t know of impurity has worry/concern
1. [particle] indicates direct object of action
2. (noun-following particle making the direct object of a clause) 知る / しる / shiru: [Godan verb with ru ending, Transitive verb] to know, understand, be acquainted with, feel お前 / おまえ / o-mae: [Familiar language, Male term or language, Pronoun, No-adjective] you (formerly honorific, now sometimes derogatory term referring to an equal or inferior) が / ga: [particle] indicates sentence subject (occasionally object) kigakari: (na-adjective, noun) anxiety, concern, worry
夜 / よる / yoru: [Adverbial noun, Temporal noun] evening, night の / no:
1. [particle] indicates possession
2. of, having to do with (noun-following particle) 眼 / め / me: [noun]
1. eye, eyeball
2. eyesight, sight, vision
3. look, stare, glance
4. an experience
5. viewpoint と / to: [particle, conjunction] and 吟遊詩人 / ぎんゆうしじん / gin'yushijin: [noun] wandering singer, minstrel
About "no"
f
{0:11} 1) 夕餉(ゆうげ)の支度に勤しむと火の粉が弾けた yuuge noshitaku niisoshimu tohi-no-koga hajiketa a. Sparks are flying as we’re endeavoring to the preparations for dinner b. working hard at the evening meal preparations, sparks burst open
f
{0:21} 2) 香る慎ましやかながらも一皿の馳走 kaoru tsutsumashiyakanagara-mohito-sara nochisou a. Although it may not smell too dainty, the dish is a feast to us b. fragrant, though modest, the dish is even a feast
"Wa" is a particle that has more than one use (like marking the topic of a conversation and when using negative verbs). Read more about it here (Look for #1) About "wa") {0:29}
夢 / ゆめ / yume: (noun) dream の / no:
1. (particle) indicates possession
2. (noun-following particle) of, having to do with 中 / なか / naka:(noun) inside, in で / de: (particle)
1. indicates place/location of action, at, in
2. (conjunction) indicates means of action, cause of effect, by
3. (noun-following particle) in, at, on [indicating a place which is the site of some activity] 貴方 / あなた / anata: (pronoun, usually written in kana, polite language) you [referring to someone of equal or lower status]
About "no"
"No" is a particle that has more than one use (like connecting nouns and adding emphasis to what you're saying). Read more about the following topics here (Look for #3) About "no" for these specific sections:) 3a) Grammar for [noun A]の[noun B]([yume]no[naka]) 3b) Translatinganata no[noun] (anata no [namae]) 3c) About [noun] nonaka ([yume]nonaka)
About "de"
"De" is a particle that has more than one use (like marking the means of doing a verb). Read more about it here (Look for #5) About "de")
About "anata"
"Anata" is just one of the many ways to say "you" in Japanese. Read more about it and the rest here (Look for # "The many ways to say "you" in Japanese") {0:38}
名前 / なまえ / namae: (noun) name を / o:
1. (particle) indicates direct object of action
2. (noun-following particle making the direct object of a clause) 呼ぶ / よぶ / yobu: <--informal, affirmative past
(godan verb with ~BU ending, transitive verb)
1. to call out (to), call, invoke
2. to call out, say out loud
About "namae"
There are three different ways to say "name" in Japanese, depending on who you're talking about and how polite you're being. Read more about it and the rest here (Look for # About "namae")
About "o"
"O is a particle that has more than one use (like marking the direct object of a transitive verb). Read more about it
here (Look for #4) About "o")
Conjugate "yobu" to informal, affirmative past
Not sure how to conjugate "yobu"? Continue here to see how (Look for Y > Yobu)
A. Written as ha は, but pronounced as wa わ ("wah")
B1. Often translated to "as for __ (whatever was written before it)" Example:"As for love, (it is) the ocean"
B2. Or simply imagine it as an arrow pointing to the topic: love<--(topic)ocean
C1. I personally think "wa" is translated to "is" here, since one of the uses of "wa" is to mark/describe facts.
C2. There is no need to write a full sentence here - which would be 愛は海です or
愛は海だ "ai wa umi desu" or "ai wa umi da" ("desu" being the formal way of saying
"is" "da" being the informal way of saying
"is")
3a) Grammar for [noun A]の[noun B]
Can be translated in 3 different ways. Usually 2/3 sound good, but it depends on the nouns being combined.
1. Squish [noun A] together with [noun B] (so の seems "invisible"): Moonlight (sounds to-the-point)
2. Translate の as's to show that[noun A]possesses/owns [noun B]: Moon'slight(sounds awkward)
3. Translate の as [noun B]of (a/the)[noun A]: Lightofthe moon (sounds poetic)
3c) About "[noun] nonaka"
Together, [noun]nonaka can be translated to things like "inside, within, in"
(Comparing what was just learned above about how "no" works:)
1. Squish [noun A] together with [noun B] (so の seems "invisible"): deep sleep inside (sounds really wrong)
2. Translate の as's to show that [noun A] possesses/owns [noun B]: deep sleep's inside (sounds weird)
3. Translate の as [noun B]of (a/the)[noun A]: insideof adeep sleep (sounds just right!)
8) About "mo" も / mo: (particle)
1. also, too, words of similar weight,
2. (adverb) about [emphasizing an upper limit], as much as, even
3. more, further, other, again
The many ways to say "you" in Japanese
There are a lot of different ways to say "you" in Japanese with
differing levels of politeness depending on how well you know a person.
It's preferred to use people's family names or titles where "you" would
be in English.
Let's image different scenarios with the name of Iron Chef "Masaharu (<--his own name)Morimoto (<--his family name)":
1. Super archaic and princely-sounding: Morimoto の君（様） Morimotonokimi (sama)
If he suddenly appeared in a period drama and was a prince. (Add -sama to make it even more humbling for yourself.)
2. Very polite: Morimoto様 Morimoto-sama
I'm his worshiping fangirl.
3. Polite, regular: Morimotoさん Morimoto-san
Translates to "Mr.Morimoto." (Could also be "Mrs./MissMorimoto.") [This would be preferred in work settings.]
4.
Familiar: Morimotoくん Morimoto-kun
I'm his friendly boss or a close friend. (If he were a girl, it would be Morimoto-chan or -tan [sounds like how
kids pronounce -chan])
5. Very familiar: Masaharu-kun
6. Masaharu-kun
If I were his mom
7. Closest: Masaharu
"Anata" would be used if you have no other choice in words (like when meeting a stranger on the street).
"Anta" is the familiar version, used when you're annoyed with someone you know.
Generally Polite:
Generally Rude:
san (last resort name), okyakusan, anata
Warning: Never add any of these honorifics to your own name!
Examples using personal pronouns about yourself:
1. How normal people not trying to act like a cartoon character sound:
1a.
Watashi wa neko ga suki desu! (standard Japanese. Preferred pronoun of
women, sounds more polite if a guy's using it at something like work.)
1b.
Boku wa neko ga suki desu! (For guys, this sounds more "nice". If girls
use it, she's either singing a song or sounding tough.)
1c. Ore wa neko ga suki desu! (What tougher guys call themselves.)
I like cats!
2. Me trying to sound adorable (in this usage, it's always translated into the 3rd person):
Haley-chan wa neko ga suki desu!
Haley likes cats!
3. Sounds arrogant, referring to yourself as -sama (belittling those around you by elevating yourself):
Ore-sama wa neko ga suki desu!
About "namae"
There are three different ways to say "name" in Japanese, depending on who you're talking about and how polite you're being.
1. Most polite, humbles yourself in comparison to who you're talking about ("Use for" example: Someone of a high status):
お名前 / おなまえ / o-namae
("O"
is an honorific that can be added to some words to make it more polite.
Often translated to "honorable __," so, here it would be "honorable
name" (sounds kind of extreme in English).)
Gikun (義訓) ... readings of kanji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual on'yomi or kun'yomi, but rather are connected with their meaning – this is the opposite of ateji.
